Neuroblastoma is a solid tumor that mainly affects young children and can be very difficult to treat successfully. Although a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery can help patients with advanced disease achieve remission, many patients experience a relapse of their disease. Because of this outcome, as well as the side effects associated with treatment, doctors are continually pursuing new, more effective and safer therapies.

Vaccines and other immunology-based treatments are being studied in clinical trials and they hold great promise for the control of neuroblastoma recurrence. Cancer immunotherapy is based on the idea that the immune system can be trained to attack tumors.